• DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR THE SELECTION AND USE OF …

    Reference is often made to stainless steel in the singular sense as if it were one material. Actually there are over 50 stainless steel alloys. Three general classifications are used …

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  • Guidelines for the Design of Buried Steel Pipe July 2001

    engineers, listed in the Acknowledgements, to prepare a guide for the design of buried steel pipe. The group prepared the guidelines presented in this report, with an emphasis on the fundamental design equations suitable for hand calculations, and where necessary, guidance for finite element analysis. 1.1 Project Objective

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  • Tubing Selection, Design, and Installation

    PEH. : Tubing Selection, Design, and Installation. Tubing is the normal flow conduit used to transport produced fluids to the surface or fluids to the formation. Its use in wells is normally considered a good operating practice. The use of tubing permits better well control because circulating fluids can kill the well; thus, workovers are ...

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  • Instrument Tubing Selection Guide

    higher strength of steel or stainless steel permits the use of thinner tubes without reducing the ultimate rating of the system. In any event, tube fitting assemblies should never be pressurized beyond the recommended working pressure. The following tables (2-7) list by material the maximum sug-gested working pressure of various tubing sizes.

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  • The Advantages of Using SS 321 Tubing vs. SS 304/304L …

    The key benefit of Stainless Steel 321H Tubes is a decreased chance of corrosion in the HAZ. Fatigue strength . It is also important to consider fatigue strength in …

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  • Piping Systems

    ASME/ANSI B36.10/19 - Carbon, Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipes - Dimensions Pipe sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness, schedules, moment of inertia, transverse …

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  • How Stainless Steel Composition Affects Characteristics

    Scaling and distortion is minimized. They are used in aerospace, chemical and food processing applications. Not sure which stainless steel composition would be best for …

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  • Effect of Chlorine on Common Materials in Fresh Water

    rine. At 3 mg/L to 5 mg/L chlorine, there was incipient pitting of type 304 base plate and 16-mil (0.41-mm) depth of attack in creviced areas. There was no general or localized corrosion of types 304 and 316 specimens in 31- to 32-day exposure at 20 mg/L to 25 mg/L chlorine. These data indicated types 304 and 316 and the low-carbon grades, types

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  • HIGH-TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS OF STAINLESS …

    chromium steel welded together. The combustion gas enters the Type 446 stainless steel end of the tube at 1600°F (871°C) and exits the 5% chromium steel end of the tube at 800°F (427°C). CRITERIA FOR SELECTION Once the design parameters have been established, the engineer may then evaluate the materials that appear to be

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  • STAINLESS STEELS FOR MACHINING

    The five categories of stainless steel according to metallurgical structure are: 1. Austenitic 2. Ferritic 3. Martensitic 4. Precipitation Hardening 5. Duplex Following is a characterization of each group and identification of the typical stainless steel(s) in each. Understanding the characteristics of

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  • STAINLESS STEEL Grade 316, 316L

    STAINLESS STEEL Grade 316, 316L FATIGUE CONSIDERATIONS When looking into the fatigue of austenitic stainless steels, it is important to note that design and fabrication—not material—are the major contributors to fatigue failure. Design codes (e.g.. ASME) use data from low-cycle fatigue tests carried out on machined specimens

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  • An Engineer's Guide For Selecting The Right Steel …

    The first choice that a user has in selecting the tube material is whether it should be made by a seamless or by a welded process. Traditionally, the seamless product has had a reputation of having higher …

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  • DI Water Compatibility Chart – Greg Reyneke

    DI Water Compatibility Chart. We design and sell a complete line of DI and RO/DI hybrid water processors. So we naturally get a lot of request for information about DI material compatibility. The table below lists the most common interactions. Bear in mind that anything metallic will yield a small amount of metal back into the water until ...

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  • Selecting pipe and piping materials | Consulting

    Over the past decade, mechanically coupled thinner-wall (schedule 10 304 stainless steel, or SS) pipe has become more common …

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  • What is the Temperature Range for 304 Stainless Steel vs. 316 vs…

    The temperature tolerance of grade 316 stainless steel is close to that of grade 304, being just a little bit lower. As stated in an AK Steel data sheet for grade 316 stainless steel, the melting range of 316 SS is 2,500 ° F – 2,550 ° F (1,371 ° C – 1,399 ° C), roughly 50 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit lower than the melting point of grade ...

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  • How 316 vs. 316L Stainless Steel Affects Tubing Design

    More specifically, when it comes to tube design, hardness affects bendability. If you're using a harder material — in this case, the 316 grade — you may have to specify slightly larger bend to account for springback. Springback is the tendency of a bent or shaped material to revert to its …

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  • Piping Systems

    ASME/ANSI B36.10/19 - Carbon, Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipes - Dimensions Pipe sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness, schedules, moment of inertia, transverse area, weight of pipe filled with water - U.S. Customary Units. ASME/ANSI B36.10/19 - Carbon, Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipes - Dimensions - Metric Units

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  • Performance Exhaust System Design And Theory

    The tube length and diameter directly affect the way in which the final system influences the engine and exhaust note, as in all racing applications form should follow function — and be informed by it. We consulted with Vince Roman of Burns Stainless, authorities on exhaust components for high-end applications. They gave us some insight …

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  • Temperature Effects on Metal Strength

    In general a metal becomes weaker and more ductile at elevated temperatures and becomes brittle at very low temperatures. The metal standard often allow for this by specifying low temperature tests for metals to be used at lower temperatures. Most ferrous metals have a maximum strength at approximately 200°C. the strength of non-ferrous …

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  • An Engineer's Guide For Selecting The Right Steel …

    An Engineer's Guide For Selecting The Right Steel Tubing. Engineers have many choices when selecting tubing materials for the …

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  • Are Headers Worth the Performance Improvement?

    And if you've built a performance car that only sees track use, Weapon-R also offers stainless steel long-tube headers for popular 4-cylinder track built cars without catalytic converters.Particularly, there is the Weapon-R Race Stainless Steel 4-2-1 Exhaust Header for the Scion FR-S and Subaru BRZ.. While long tube headers are generally …

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  • Type 304 and 304L Stainless Steel Explained

    Type 304L Stainless Steel. Type 304L stainless steel is an extra-low carbon version of the 304 steel alloy. The lower carbon content in 304L minimizes deleterious or harmful carbide precipitation as a result of …

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  • Designing With Structural Tubing

    Many designers still think of structural tubing as a new product, even though round tubes were used in some of the earliest steel structures. Steel design specifications were pri­ marily developed from experience with hot-rolled sections and it was not until the late 1940s that criteria for circular tubes appeared in U.S. design specifications.

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  • Pipeline design consideration and standards

    The "nominal" commercial pipe sizes from 1/8 through 12 in. refer to the approximate ID measurement of Schedule 40 or "standard" wall, whereas nominal 14 in. and larger sizes refer to the outside diameter. A variety of steel pipe sizes, wall thicknesses, and material grades are available for petroleum piping and pipeline applications ...

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  • Bending Basics: The hows and whys of springback and springforward

    304 stainless steel: 2 to 3 degrees ; Mild aluminum: 1.5 to 2 degrees ; Cold-rolled steel: 0.75 to 1.0 degree ; Hot-rolled steel: 0.5 to 1.0 degree ; Copper and brass: 0.00 to 0.5 degree; A 1-to-1 relationship between the material thickness and inside radius will yield a springback consistent with the natural springback of the material being ...

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  • 304L stainless steel pipe pressure rating chart | World Stainless

    304L stainless steel pipe pressure rating chart. Stainless pipes are ideal in many applications because they have a low resistance to corrosion and high strength that allows them to be used where there are varying amounts of dissolved gas and oil. 304 and 304L stainless steel pipes and tubing are used in almost every field in the world.

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  • Mechanical Properties at Cryogenic Temperatures

    Mechanical Properties of 304, 321 and 316 Stainless Steels at Cryogenic Temperatures. Note: In designing a metal hose assembly for cryogenic service, care must be taken to ensure that the fittings and any accessory (guard/liner) materials are suitable for the intended operating temperatures as well. If you have any questions or comments, please ...

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  • Technotetextab vs Bleach Corrosion

    Stainless Steel 304 6.07 6.02 5.97 Stainless Steel 304 6.04 5.97 5.93 Stainless Steel 316 6.33 5.96 5.87 Stainless Steel 316 6.17 6.06 5.82 Aluminum 5.95 6.04 5.91 Aluminum 6.04 6.03 5.88 Table 3. Initial and final pH of various hypochlorite solutions. pH 1,000 ppm 2,000 ppm 5,000 ppm Initial pH 11.33 11.71 12.23 Stainless Steel 304 11.3 11.75 ...

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  • Pipes and Pipe Sizing

    A 100 mm Schedule 40 pipe has an outside diameter of 114.30 mm, a wall thickness of 6.02 mm, giving a bore of 102.26 mm. A 100 mm Schedule 80 pipe has an outside diameter of 114.30 mm, a wall thickness of 8.56 mm, giving a bore of 97.18 mm. Only Schedules 40 and 80 cover the full range from 15 mm up to 600 mm nominal sizes and are the most ...

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  • Selecting pipe and piping materials | Consulting

    Over the past decade, mechanically coupled thinner-wall (schedule 10 304 stainless steel, or SS) pipe has become more common for 2.5-in. and larger domestic-water systems. It offers high corrosion …

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  • DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR STAINLESS STEEL IN PIPING …

    fabrication, installation and ec onomy of stainless steel in piping systems. The guidelines presented contain important information for piping specialists and design engineers that will save money, time and effort in the several diverse industries utilizing piping systems. Stainless steels are defined as iron-base alloys con-

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  • Choosing Between Hose and Tube Assembly for Hydraulic Systems …

    By comparison, carbon steel tubes can work in temperatures between -65˚F and 500˚F and stainless steel tubes can perform in temperatures between -425˚F and 1,200˚F. Temperature (and severity of service) derating factors still have to be considered when using metal tubing, but the derating occurs in much higher temperatures than is …

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  • Corrosion Plumbing Piping

    Most model codes also address dielectric connections when connecting dissimilar metals. Corrosion is very common in water piping systems and can be caused by the following conditions: Low pH — Acidic water, with a low pH (below 7 on the pH scale), can cause corrosion. The lower the pH is, the more aggressive the water can be.

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  • The Thermal Conductivity of Common Tubing Materials …

    the liquid inside the tubing to the same temperature on the exterior of the tubing. Simply stated, thermal conductivity is the rate at which heat is transferred through a material. Different materials contain differing thermal conductivity rates, based upon their molecular structure. The heat flow through the tubing material increases or

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